Pharmacology of Dramamine

Pharmacological action - antihistamine, antiemetic, anticholinergic

Blocks histamine H1receptors and m-cholinergic receptors of the central nervous system. Oppresses the hyperstimulated function of the labyrinth. It has antiemetic, anti-nausea, sedative, moderate anti-allergic effect, eliminates dizziness. The effect manifests itself after 20-30 minutes and lasts for 4-6 hours.

In screening tests for mutagenicity, positive results were observed in studies on bacterial systems and negative - when using mammalian tissues and cells.

After oral administration, it is well absorbed, distributed to organs and tissues, completely excreted by the kidneys within 24 hours. Small amounts are excreted in breast milk.

Application of the substance Dimenhydrinate

Sea and air sickness, Meniere's disease, prevention and treatment of symptoms of vestibular and labyrinth disorders (dizziness, nausea, vomiting, with the exception of symptoms caused by anticancer chemotherapy).

REGULARDOSE IF SWALLOWED

Adult

Oral:
- 50 to 100 mg orally every 4 to 6 hours; Maximum dose: 400 mg in 24 hours.

REGULAR CHILDREN'S DOSAGE WHEN SWALLOWED

Oral:

- Age 2 to 5 years: 12.5 to 25 mg orally every 6 to 8 hours; Maximum dose: 75 mg in 24 hours

- Ages 6 to 11: 25 to 50 mg orally every 6 to 8 hours; Maximum dose: 150 mg in 24 hours

-Age 12 years and older: 50 to 100 mg orally every 4-6 hours; Maximum dose: 400 mg in 24 hours

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity, epilepsy, childhood (up to 2 years).

Restrictions on use

Urinary retention (including predisposition), bladder neck obstruction, bronchial asthma, open-angle glaucoma, hyperthyroidism, cardiovascular disease, stenosing peptic ulcer.

Application during pregnancy and lactation

Contraindicated (I trimester of pregnancy) or possibly with extreme caution (II – III trimester) if the expected effect of therapy outweighs the potential risk to the fetus.

FDA action category on the fetus is B.

Breastfeeding should be discontinued during treatment.

Interaction

Enhances the effects of atropine, tricyclic antidepressants, catecholamines, barbiturates, alcohol, sedatives and hypnotics, antipsychotics, weakens - corticosteroids, anticoagulants. Reduces the response to apomorphine. Reduces the depressive effect of acetylcholine on the heart muscle. The combination with bismuth preparations, scopolamine, pain relievers and psychotropic drugs increases the likelihood of visual impairment. Incompatible with ototoxic antibiotics (streptomycin, neomycin, viomycin, amikacin, kanamycin), because can mask the symptoms of ototoxicity and contribute to the development of irreversible hearing impairment.

Overdose

Symptoms: fatigue, drowsiness, headache, dizziness, itching and vasodilation of the skin, mydriasis, slowing the reaction of pupils to light, impaired accommodation, nystagmus, decreased muscle tone and tendon reflexes, urinary retention, tachycardia, changes in blood pressure. Then symptoms of CNS depression appear (speech disorder, orientation in time and space, ataxia), coma, respiratory depression, possibly CNS excitation; in children - hallucinations, convulsions, death.

Treatment: gastric lavage with a suspension of activated carbon (20-30 g) and the appointment of a saline laxative (10-15 g of sodium sulfate), mechanical ventilation, oxygen therapy. For convulsions in children - phenobarbital (5-6 mg / kg), diazepam.

Precautions for the substance Dimenhydrinate

In the initial period of therapy, it is prohibited to drive vehicles and engage in activities that require a quick mental and motor reaction. Prescribe with caution in old age.

Side effects of dramamine (Dimenhydrinate)

MEDICINE Call an ambulance if you have signs of an allergic reaction, such as: hives; It's difficult to breathe; swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat.

Stop using dimenhydrinate and call your doctor right away if you experience any of the following symptoms:

• little or no urination;

• confusion in the head, mood changes;

• tremor, restlessness;

• seizures (convulsions);

• fast or irregular heartbeat.

Side effects such as dry mouth, constipation, and confusion are more common in older people.

Common side effects may include:

• drowsiness;

• dry mouth, nose, or throat;

• constipation;

• feeling anxious or excited (especially in children).

• blurred vision; 

This is not a whole list of side effects that can happen to you. Ask your healthcare professional about the possible side effects.

Side effects also include:

Drowsiness, lethargy, headache, blurred vision, tinnitus, dry mouth and airways, lack of coordination, palpitations, dizziness, hypotension.

Paradoxical stimulation of the central nervous system in pediatric patients (pediatric patients), and sometimes in adults.